The Islamic History Podcast

Nader Shah, provoked by Mughal Emperor Muhammad Shah’s failure to address Afghan incursions that disrupted Persian trade routes, an opportunity to exploit the weakened empire and expand his power.

In this episode, we discuss Emperor Muhammad Shah Rangeela. His reign (1719–1748) is often remembered for its indulgence in luxury and neglect of governance. Known as the “playboy emperor,” he prioritized personal pleasures, art, and music over the pressing political and military challenges of the Mughal Empire.