Ali’s Caliphate was already in trouble.
The Umayyah clan was suspicious of him. Muawiyyah refused to acknowledge his leadership. There were gangs of bandits were roaming through Medina. And many companions refused to support him.
2-17: Uthman and Murder
For several years, there had been a low level of discontent in the Muslim empire. While most of the inhabitants were happy, there were a significant number who were not.
2-16: Uthman and the People
Many people mark the beginning of Uthman’s troubles with the loss of the Prophet’s rings.
But things really got bad for Uthman when he lost the support of the esteemed companion, Ammar ibn Yasir.
2-15: Uthman and The Quran
One of the most troublesome spots in the Muslim world was the Iraqi city of Kufah. The people were fickle, restless, and never satisfied with their governor. Uthman had to change their governor no less than three times.
2-14: Uthman And Abu Dharr
Uthman has been accused of often appointing his family members to high positions. And in many instances that was true.
2-13: Uthman And Egypt
Uthman Ibn Affan has always been compared to others. Both during his lifetime and after, he has been compared to the Caliph that came before him and the one that would come after him.
2-12: Assassination And Election
The assassination of Umar ibn al-Khattab and the election of Uthman ibn Affan.
2-11: Nihavand And Caltrops
By 641, the Muslims had captured most of the Southwestern part of the Persian Empire.
This area contained the best and most fertile lands and would be modern day Iraq, Kuwait, and parts of northwestern Iran.
2-10: Alexandria And Fustat
The Muslims arrived at Alexandria in July 641 It was perhaps the most magnificent and biggest city they’ve encountered so far.,
2-9: Amr And Cyrus
The Romans, either from fear or incompetence, had done little to stop Amr ibn al-As during this time. He will take advantage of their laxness.